Archivio Journal of Plant Pathology

Abstract:

Deoxynivalenol and its acetylated derivatives (3-AcDON and 15-AcDON) as inhibitors of eukaryotic protein synthesis are the most important group of mycotoxins produced by Fusarium head blight (FHB). In this survey, 162 wheat samples from north Iran (Golestan province) have been analyzed for the occurrence of DON, 3-AcDON and 15- AcDON using HPLC/UV method. Samples were classified according to place, year of harvest (2011 and 2012) and wheat cultivar. Results have shown that 79% of the samples were co-contaminated with one or more trichothecene toxins including DON, 3-AcDON and 15-AcDON. From 162 samples, 74%, 35.8% and 48.7 % showed DON, 3-AcDON and 15- AcDON contamination, respectively, ranging from 150.7-1650.5 μg kg-1, 10.2-320.4 μg kg-1 and 10.3-550.3 μg kg-1. In all samples, the maximum DON levels were below the maximum permitted thresholds established by the EU. Non-parametric statistical studies revealed that significant differences existed between the results from the two harvests for DON, 3-AcDON and 15-AcDON. It was also demonstrated that Shiroodi, the favorite cultivar of the flour industry, is probably the most susceptible to contamination with DON among the cultivars investigated.